Abstract:
The fish gill epithelium is a sensitive site of interaction between a fish and its environment partially due to its role in ion regulation. Addition of dispersant to crude oil can result in increased bioavailability of aromatic and aliphatic hydrocarbons. Treatment waters were generated at nominal salinities of 4, 12, and 18 g/L. Control water was left undisturbed. Dispersant water was mixed at 22 mL of Corexit-9500 to 80 L of treatment water. Oiled water was initially mixed at an approximate 1:4 oil:water ratio by volume and the dispersant was used at a 10:1 oil:dispersant ratio to generate oil/dispersant water. Treatment waters at the previously mentioned nominal salinities were weathered for 1, 4, and 16 weeks in treatment mesocosms. Gulf killifish were sampled for plasma after 48 and 96 hours of exposure to treatment waters. Impacts of treatment water on adult Gulf killifish physiology were determined through measurements of hematocrit and plasma ion concentrations of sodium, potassium, and chloride.
Suggested Citation:
Charles Brown. 2014. The Influence of crude oil and oil dispersant in the physiology of adult Gulf Killifish. Distributed by: GRIIDC, Harte Research Institute, Texas A&M University–Corpus Christi. doi:10.7266/N74X55S7
Data Parameters and Units:
Percent hematocrit, plasma osmolality (mOsmol/kg), and plasma ion concentrations of chloride, sodium, and potassium (mM). Treatment waters (80L) were prepared at nominal salinities of 4, 12, and 18 ppt. Data generated from each salinity trial is subdivided by tabs within this file. 2013-11-29_Exposed_Adult_Fgrandis_Plasma-CAB.xlsx-- NOTE: 1Control water was left undisturbed. Dispersant water was mixed at 22mL of dispersant to 80L of treatment water. Oil water was initially mixed at an approximate 1:4 oil:water ratio by volume and the dispersant was used at a 10:1 oil:dispersant ratio to generate oil/dispersant water. 2Treatment waters at the previously mentioned nominal salinities were weathered for 1, 4, and 16 weeks in treatment mesocosms. 3Gulf killifish were sampled for plasma after 48 and 96 hours of exposure to treatment waters. Treatment waters were frozen at -20°C after completion of the weathering time and thawed at 4°C before being allowed to warm up to room temperature prior to initiation of the experiment. Gulf killifish used in the experiment were obtained from Gulf Coast Minnows (Thibodaux, LA). Six Gulf killifish were used for each experimental combination of salinity, treatment, weathering, and exposure period. 4Blood was collected in ammonium heparined lined capillary tubes and spun down at 14,000RPM for 90 seconds. Hematocrit was recorded before plasma was collected. Plasma was flash frozen in liquid nitrogen until analysis. 5Plasma osmolality was determined via freeze point analysis. 6Plasma chloride concentrations were determined via the mercuric thiocyanate method for colormetric spectroscopy. 7Plasma sodium and potassium concentrations were determined via atomic absorption spectroscopy. [4ppt.Trials, 12ppt.Trials,18ppt.Trials]: Treatment (Dispersant, Oil,Oil Dispersant), Weathering Time (week), Exposure Time (hour), Sample ID, % Hematocrit, Osmolality (mOsmol/kg), Chloride (mM), Sodium (mM), Potassium (mM), Notes.
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