Abstract:
The toxicity of synthetic nanoparticle-based dispersants to fathead minnows (Pimephales Promelas) was tested. Solutions of water accommodated fractions (WAF) of oil, dispersants, or WAF + dispersants were made and used to treat early life stages of fish, including embryos and larvae. Endpoints for embryos included time to hatch, deformities, heartbeats and gene expression. Endpoints for larvae included survival and gene expression.
Suggested Citation:
Hajime Kurita Oyamada. 2020. Toxicity assessment of novel nanoparticle-based dispersants to fathead minnows (Pimephales Promelas). Distributed by: GRIIDC, Harte Research Institute, Texas A&M University–Corpus Christi. doi:10.7266/n7-hjgd-0p23
Data Parameters and Units:
The dataset contains 3 Excel files (“Embryo_heartrate.xlsx”, “Embryo_mortality.xlsx”, and “Juvenile_cyp1a_gene_expression.xlsx”) and a Readme Word document (ReadMe.docx).
The Excel file “Embryo_heartrate.xlsx” includes - Beaker# (beaker number), heartbeat in 10 sec, heartbeat/min for Hanks and water accommodated fraction (WAF) treatments; Mean, Median, Std.Dev, Std. Err, %CV, 90% Conf, 95% Conf, 99% Conf, and Size for different treatments (Hanks, WAF, WAF+2mg/L, WAF+10mg/L, and WAF+50mg/L). For each beaker, three individuals were counted when possible.
The Excel file “Embryo_mortality.xlsx” includes - the measurement when 48> hour post-fertilization (hpf) embryos of fathead minnow were exposed in reconstituted freshwater (Hanks 20%s strength) and to WAF of the oil, plus three different nanoparticle (NP) concentrations (2, 10 and 50 mg/L) for each conditions (0mg/L, 2mg/L, 10mg/L, 50mg/L) for different experimental variables such as Hanks 20% and NP, WAF and WAF+NP. Please note that n= each embryo; dead=1; alive=0; NP= nanoparticle; WAF= water accommodated fraction.
The Excel file “Juvenile_cyp1a_gene_expression.xlsx” includes - the measurements when 10-day post fertilization (dpf) juvenile of fathead minnow were exposed in reconstituted freshwater (Hanks 20%s strength) and to water accommodated fraction (WAF) of the oil, plus three different nanoparticle (NP) concentrations (2, 10 and 50 mg/L) for each conditions (WAF + 2mg/L, WAF + 10mg/L, and WAF + 50mg/L).
The Readme Word document "ReadMe.docx" narrates a brief summary of experimental materials and methods as well as explanations for abbreviations.
Please note that gaps in dataset mean there is no data.
Methods:
The oil used was Macondo oil collected by BP directly from the oil spill at the site of the well. The WAF was made from 1 ml of crude oil per liter of 20% Hanks solution (27 mM NaCl, 1 mM KCl, 0.05 mM Na2HPO4, 0.09 mM KH2PO4, 0.25 mM CaCl2, 0.2 mM MgSO4, 41 mM NaHCO3). It was made by stirring in the hood for 1 week and then separating the aqueous phase from the oil using a separatory funnel. Data files are organized by endpoints and methods are explained below:
1. Embryo_mortality: 48 > hour post-fertilization (hpf) embryos of fathead minnow were exposed in reconstituted freshwater (Hanks 20%s strength) and to water accommodated fraction (WAF) of the oil, plus three different nanoparticles (NPs) concentrations (2, 10 and 50 mg/L) for each condition. Exposure was carried out in quadruplicate were each container had 8 embryos. For each 0mg/L of NPs solutions, two more containers were set up. The total exposure time was 96h. 50% water change was done daily. Mortality was checked every day. Data shown correspond to cumulative 96h mortality.
2. Embryo_heartrate: Same set up as Embryo_mortality experiment. After 96h of exposure, each container was video recorded for heartbeat count. From each beaker, three individuals were counted for a heartbeat when possible. Counting time frame was set for 10 sec, then converted in heartbeat per minute (heartbeat/min).
3. Juvenile_cyp1a_gene_expression: 10-day post fertilization (dpf) juvenile of fathead minnow were exposed in reconstituted freshwater (Hanks 20%s strength) and to water accommodated fraction (WAF) of the oil, plus three different nanoparticles (NPs) concentrations (2, 10 and 50 mg/L) for each condition. Exposure was carried out in quadruplicate were each container had 8 juveniles. For each 0mg/L of NPs solutions, two more containers were set up. The total exposure time was 96h. 50% water change was done daily. Juveniles were fed with live brine shrimp. Mortality was checked every day. RNA was extracted from the whole juvenile without pooling. For the analysis, three individuals were used from each beaker. Raw data from the qPCR is shown. Mean Cq higher than 30 for rpL8 were removed from consideration.
View Metadata