Abstract:

This dataset contains Harpacticoida family diversity and environmental data after the Deepwater Horizon oil spill aboard several research cruise or cargo vessels (MV IRISH, RV GYRE, Ocean_Veritas, MV SARAH BORDELON) from 2010-09-19 to 2010-10-27. The Deepwater Horizon (DWH) blowout and oil spill began on April 20, 2010, in the deep sea (1525 m) of the northern Gulf of Mexico (NGOM). Previous studies documented an impacted area of deep-sea floor totaling 321 km2 and were based on taxonomy at the macrofauna family level and the meiofauna major taxonomic level. In the present study, finer taxonomic resolution of the meiofauna community were employed, specifically harpacticoid copepod family biodiversity. Sediment samples were collected using an Ocean Scientific International multicorer, (core size:10 cm inner diameter and 60 cm length). Meiofauna was then extracted from remaining sediments using isopycnic centrifugation in Ludox HS-40. Animals were identified using standard morphological characteristics and keys for marine Harpacticoida. In addition, trace metals were evaluated in sediments using EPA Method 6010C (inductively coupled plasmaatomic emission spectrometry). Severe or moderate impacts to harpacticoid family biodiversity were observed at 35 of 95 sampling stations, covering an estimated area of 2864 km2, 8.9 times greater impacted area than previously reported. Sensitive and tolerant harpacticoid families were observed in the impact zone. The present study greatly expands the understanding of DWH deep-sea impacts in 2010 and demonstrates that the harpacticoid family-level response is the most sensitive indicator (reported to date) of this oil spill pollution event. This dataset supports the publication: Montagna PA, Baguley JG, Cooksey C, Hartwell I, Hyde LJ, Hyland JL, Kalke RD, Kracker LM, Reuscher M, Rhodes AC. Deep-sea benthic footprint of the deepwater horizon blowout. PLoS One. 2013 Aug 7;8(8):e70540. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0070540

Suggested Citation:

Baguley, J.G., H.W. Bang, M.A. Rostami, and P.A. Montagna. 2024. Harpacticoida family diversity and environmental data after the Deepwater Horizon oil spill, 2010-09-19 to 2010-10-27. Distributed by: GRIIDC, Harte Research Institute, Texas A&M University–Corpus Christi. doi:10.7266/bww6kyts

Publications:

Montagna, P. A., Baguley, J. G., Cooksey, C., Hartwell, I., Hyde, L. J., Hyland, J. L., Kalke, R. D., Kracker, L. M., Reuscher, M., & Rhodes, A. C. E. (2013). Deep-Sea Benthic Footprint of the Deepwater Horizon Blowout. PLoS ONE, 8(8), e70540. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0070540

Purpose:

The data was generated to estimate the benthic footprint of the Deepwater Horizon oil spill.

Data Parameters and Units:

Station (Station name); Family names (count/sample where core is 23.76 cm3); S (species number); N (total number per sample); d (d); J (Pielou’s Evenness J’); ES100 (Rarefraction expected number of species (ES)); H (Shannon Diversity H’(loge)); Lamdba (Simpson Diversity 1-Lambda’); N1 (Hill’s Diversity N1); JenksBreaks (Jenks Breaks); Latitude (decimal degrees); Longitude (decimal degrees); Depth (meters); Distance (Distance from MC252 wellhead in kilometers); Ship (Collection platform: GY=R/V Gyre, OV=R/V Ocean Veritas); SampleDate (MM/DD/YYYY); Date (day-month-year); Porosity (%); Carbon (carbon content % unacidified); TOC (total organic carbon %); Rubble (rubble %); Sand (sand %); Mud (mud=silt %+clay %); TPH (ppm); PAH44 (ppb); Al (aluminum ppm), Sb (antimony ppm), As (arsenic ppm), Ba (barium ppm), Be (beryllium ppm), Cd (cadmium ppm), Cr (chromium ppm), Co (cobalt ppm), Cu (copper ppm), Fe (iron ppm), Pb (lead ppm), Mn (manganese ppm), Hg (mercury ppm), Ni (nickel ppm), Ag (silver ppm), Ti (titanium ppm), V (vanadium ppm); Variable (variable name); Factor1 (PCA 1); Factor2 (PCA 2); Factor3 (PCA 3); n (factor PCA number); Eigenvalue (eigenvalue); Difference (difference from previous factor load); Proportion (proportion of total variance explained); cumulative (cumulative variance explained); depth (meters); N (log-transformed, standardized 0,1 total number of harpactcoids); J (standardized 0,1 Pielou J’); Scientific name (family name); AphiaID (aphia platform ID number); Match Type (match of submitted vs WoRMS database); LSID (LS identification URL); TSN (taxonomic serial number); ScientificName (scientific name); Authority (author of the species identification); AphiaID_accepted (WoRMS identification number); ScientificName (scientific name in WoRMS database based on the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature ICZN); Authoriy_accepted (author of species identification in WoRMS database); Kingdom (phylogenetic classification level); Phylum (phylogenetic classification level); Class (phylogenetic classification level); Order (phylogenetic classification level); Family (phylogenetic classification level)

Methods:

Diversity of benthic meiofauna communities was analyzed and correlated to potential impacts of the Deepwater Horizon oil spill. Sediment samples were collected using an Ocean Scientific International multicorer, (core size:10 cm inner diameter and 60 cm length). From each deployment of the multi-corer, the core designated for meiofauna was subsampled with a 5.5 cm inner diameter sub-core. Sub-cores were extruded into 0–1cm and 1–3cm sediment sections. Samples were narcotized in 7% MgCl2 and then preserved in 4% buffered formalin and stained with Rose Bengal. In the laboratory, samples were sieved over a 45 μm mesh to remove formalin and fine sediments. Meiofauna were then extracted from remaining sediments using isopycnic centrifugation in Ludox HS-40. After extraction, Harpacticoida copepods were counted and sorted from other meiofauna taxa. Harpacticoida specimens were cleared in lactic acid and temporarily slide-mounted in lactophenol for family-level identifications. Animals were identified using standard morphological characteristics and keys for marine Harpacticoida. For detailed methods on sample collection and analysis, please refer to: Montagna, P.A., J. G. Baguley, C. Cooksey, and J. L. Hyland. 2013. Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill: Assessment of Potential Impacts on the Deep Soft-Bottom Benthos. Interim Data Summary Report. NOAA Technical Memorandum NOS NCCOS 166. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science, Charleston, South Carolina, USA, 32 p. https://tamucc-ir.tdl.org/handle/1969.6/90096.

Provenance and Historical References:

Baguley, J.G., Rostami, M.A., Baldrighi, E., Bang, H.W., Dyer, L.A., and Montagna, P.A. 2024. Harpacticoid copepods expand the scope and provide family-level indicators of the Deepwater Horizon oil spill deep-sea impacts. Marine Pollution Bulletin 202: 116343. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2024.116343 published 15 April 2024. Montagna, P. A., J. G. Baguley, C. Cooksey, and J. L. Hyland. 2013. Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill: Assessment of Potential Impacts on the Deep Soft-Bottom Benthos. Interim Data Summary Report. NOAA Technical Memorandum NOS NCCOS 166. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science, Charleston, South Carolina, USA, 32 p. https://repository.library.noaa.gov/view/noaa/374/noaa_374_DS1.pdf? Montagna, P.A. 2017. Temporal analysis of NRDA macrofauna data, northern Gulf of Mexico, 2010, 2011, and 2014. Center for the Integrated Modeling and Analysis of Gulf Ecosystems II (C-IMAGE II). UDI: R4.x267.000:0019. Published on 2017-04-17. https://doi.org/10.7266/N7BZ643F Montagna, P.A. 2020. Benthic footprint of the Deepwater Horizon oil spill data analyzed from sediment cores collected aboard R/V Ocean Veritas and R/V Gyre cruises in the northern Gulf of Mexico from 2010-09-16 to 2010-10-22. Distributed by: Gulf of Mexico Research Initiative Information and Data Cooperative (GRIIDC), Harte Research Institute, Texas A&M University-Corpus Christi. UDI: R5.x272.000:0007. Published on 2020-03-03. c. Reuscher, M.G., J.G. Baguley, and P.A. Montagna. 2020. The expanded footprint of the Deepwater Horizon oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico deep-sea benthos. PLos ONE 15(6): e0235167. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0235167

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