Abstract:

This dataset contains AVIRIS and Landsat derived Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) of salt marshes in heavily oiled and no oil site in Barataria Basin from 2005 to 2014. The AVIRIS data are from the Jet Propulsion Laboratory website, and have spatial resolution of 3 meters by 3 meters. The Landsat data are generated from Landsat Surface Reflectance Climate Data Record (Landsat CDR) (Path 22 Row 40)and have a spatial resolution of 30 meters by 30 meters. The projection is the Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM Zone 15 North). The datum is WGS-1984. The dataset consists of 158 stacked files. The first 5 layers are the AVIRIS datasets. The following 151 layers are the 20, 16, 12, 18, 18, 14, 19, 9, 11, and 14 Landsat datasets from 2005 to 2014. The 157nd layer is the mask for the no-oil-observed site. The 158rd layer is the mask for the heavily-oiled site. The AVIRIS datasets collected on (year-day of year): 2010257, 2011124, 2011288, 2012293, 2012294. The 20 datasets from 2005 are collected at (in terms of Julian Day of Year): 42, 82, 98, 106, 114, 122, 130, 138, 154, 170, 194, 202, 258, 282, 290, 298, 306, 314, 322, 354. (Landsat 5 TM: 42, 106, 122, 138, 154, 170, 202, 282, 298, 314; Landsat 7 ETM+: 82, 98, 114, 130, 194, 258, 290, 306, 322, 354.) The 16 datasets from 2006 are collected at (in terms of Julian Day of Year): 5, 61, 85, 117, 133, 165, 173, 181, 245, 269, 285, 301, 309, 317, 325, 357. (Landsat 5 TM: 61, 173, 269, 285, 301, 317; Landsat 7 ETM+: 5, 85, 117, 133, 165, 181, 245, 309, 325, 357.) The 12 datasets from 2007 are collected at (in terms of Julian Day of Year): 48, 64, 88, 96, 112, 120, 192, 224, 232, 272, 312, 344. (Landsat 5 TM: 48, 64, 96, 112, 192, 224; Landsat 7 ETM+: 8, 88, 120, 232, 312, 344.) The 18 datasets from 2008 are collected at (in terms of Julian Day of Year): 59, 83, 99, 115, 147, 163, 179, 195, 203, 227, 235, 243, 275, 299, 307, 315, 323, 347. (Landsat 5 TM: 83, 99, 115, 147, 163, 179, 195, 227, 243, 275, 307, 323; Landsat 7 ETM+: 59, 203, 235, 299, 315, 347.) The 18 datasets from 2009 are collected at (in terms of Julian Day of Year): 13, 21, 29, 37, 61, 77, 93, 149, 157, 173, 181, 213, 237, 245, 285, 293, 309, 317, 365. (Landsat 5 TM: 21, 37, 149, 181, 245, 293, 309; Landsat 7 ETM+: 13, 29, 61, 77, 93, 157, 173, 237, 285, 317, 365.) The 14 datasets from 2010 are collected at (in terms of Julian Day of Year): 48, 56, 64, 88, 144, 152, 168, 280, 288, 296, 312, 328, 336, 344. (Landsat 5 TM: 56, 88, 152, 168, 280, 296, 312, 328, 344; Landsat 7 ETM+: 48, 64, 144, 288, 336.) The 19 datasets from 2011 are collected at (in terms of Julian Day of Year): 3, 43, 75, 83, 91, 99, 107, 131, 155, 171, 211, 219, 227, 235, 251, 259, 299, 315, 323. (Landsat 5 TM: 43, 75, 91, 107, 155, 171, 219, 235, 251, 299, 315; Landsat 7 ETM+: 3, 83, 99, 131, 211, 227, 259, 323.) The 9 datasets from 2012 are collected at (in terms of Julian Day of Year): 38, 86, 102, 150, 182, 214, 294, 310, 326. (Landsat 7 ETM+: 38, 86, 102, 150, 182, 214, 294, 310, 326.) The 11 datasets from 2013 are collected at (in terms of Julian Day of Year): 24, 72, 144, 176, 256, 272, 280, 288, 296, 312, 352. (Landsat 7 ETM+: 24, 72, 280, 296, 312; Landsat 8 OLI: 144, 176, 256, 272, 288, 352.) The 14 datasets from 2014 are collected at (in terms of Julian Day of Year): 19, 59, 99, 115, 123, 211, 227, 243, 251, 275, 299, 307, 323, 331. (Landsat 7 ETM+: 59, 123, 251, 299, 331; Landsat 8 OLI: 19, 99, 115, 211, 227, 243, 275, 307, 323.) Processing by Yu Mo, J.C. Alexis Riter, and Michael S. Kearney of the Department of Environmental Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742.

Suggested Citation:

Kearney, Michael Sean. 2018. Photosynthetically-active radiation data set (FPAR) based on AVIRIS and Landsat-derived normalized difference vegetation index, Barataria Bay, LA, 2005-2014. Distributed by: GRIIDC, Harte Research Institute, Texas A&M University–Corpus Christi. doi:10.7266/N75Q4T4F

Publications:

Mo, Y., Kearney, M. S., & Riter, J. C. (2017). Post-Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill Monitoring of Louisiana Salt Marshes Using Landsat Imagery. Remote Sensing, 9(6), 547. doi:10.3390/rs9060547

Purpose:

To monitor Louisiana salt marshes after the Macondo oil spill using remote sensing.

Data Parameters and Units:

The Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) is a unitless proxy in optical remote sensing for the amount of vegetation. NDVI ranges from minus one (-1.0) to plus one (+1.0). Usually, a NDVI close to zero or slightly positive means little or no vegetation and a NDVI close to +1 (0.8 - 0.9) indicates a very high density of green leaves. The layers in the dataset are mis-labeled, and all "MODIS" layers are actually "Landsat".

Methods:

30x30 meter resolution The AVIRIS data were download from the Jet Propulsion Laboratory website (https://aviris.jpl.nasa.gov/data/index.html). The Landsat Surface Reflectance Climate Data Record (Landsat CDR) was downloaded from the USGS Earth Explorer website (http://earthexplorer.usgs.gov/). Further processing of the data was perforemd using ENVI 4.8 and IDL 8.2 software (Exelis, McLean, VA, USA). Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) of salt marshes strongly correlates with their aboveground biomass (R2 0.7–0.8) [23–25], hence it is used to assess the conditions of the marsh vegetation. NDVI values were calculated from surface reflectance, and those of the interested area were extracted (Figure 4). NDVI was calculated from the surface reflectance (ρ) of the red and near infrared (NIR) bands: NDVI = (ρNIR band − ρred band)/(ρNIR band+ρredband). The red and NIR bands for Landsat 5 TM and Landsat 7 ETM+ data were Band 3 (626–693 and 631–692 nm, respectively) and Band 4 (776–904 and 772–898 nm, respectively), for Landsat 8 OLI data were Band 4 (630–680 nm) and Band 5 (845–885 nm), and for AVIRIS data were ρ648nm and ρ860nm. For the Landsat data sets, only information from the marsh pixels at the target coastlines (one pixel, 30 m width) was extracted. AVIRIS data were resampled using the nearest neighbor method (a standard way of resampling remote sensing data), which uses the nearest pixel values without any interpolation. For the AVIRIS data sets, zones of different widths (i.e., 3, 10, and 30 m) next to the shoreline were created, and NDVI values were extracted from each zone. More information of the data process can be found in Mo, Y., Kearney, M.S., & Riter, J.C.A. 2017. Post-Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill Monitoring of Louisiana Salt Marshes Using Landsat Imagery. Remote Sensing 9:547. doi: 10.3390/rs9060547

Instruments:

The AVIRIS data have 224 contiguous spectral channels (also called bands) with wavelengths from 400 to 2500 nanometers (nm). Landsat 5 Thematic Mapper (TM) operated from 1984 to 2011. The Landsat 5 TM has seven spectral bands: Band 1 Blue (0.45 - 0.52 µm), Band 2 Green (0.52 - 0.60 µm), Band 3 Red (0.63 - 0.69 µm), Band 4 Near-Infrared (0.76 - 0.90 µm), Band 5 Shortwave Infrared (1.55 - 1.75 µm), Band 6 Thermal (10.40 - 12.50 µm), and Band 7 Shortwave Infrared (2.08 - 2.35 µm). Landsat 7 Enhance Thematic Mapper Plus (ETM+) operated since 1999. The Landsat 7 ETM+ has eight spectral bands: Band 1 Blue (0.45 - 0.515 µm), Band 2 Green (0.525 - 0.605 µm), Band 3 Red (0.63 - 0.69 µm), Band 4 Near-Infrared (0.775 - 0.90 µm), Band 5 Shortwave Infrared (1.55 - 1.75 µm), Band 6 Thermal (10.40 - 12.50 µm), Band 7 Shortwave Infrared (2.08 - 2.35 µm), and Band 8 panchromatic (0.52 - 0.9 µm). Landsat 8 Operational Land Imager (OLI) operated since 2013. The Landsat 8 OLI has nine spectral bands: Band 1 Ultra Blue (0.43 - 0.45 µm), Band 2 Blue (0.45 - 0.51 µm), Band 3 Green (0.53 - 0.59 µm), Band 4 Red (0.63 - 0.67 µm), Band 5 Near Infrared (0.85 - 0.88 µm), Band 6 Shortwave Infrared 1 (1.57 - 1.65 µm), Band 7 Shortwave Infrared 2 (2.11 - 2.29 µm), Band 8 Panchromatic (0.50 - 0.68 µm), Band 9 Cirrus (1.36 - 1.38 µm).

Provenance and Historical References:

More information about the AVIRIS data can be found at: https://aviris.jpl.nasa.gov/aviris/index.htmlk. More information about the Landsat data can be found at: https://landsat.usgs.gov/landsat-surface-reflectance-high-level-data-products.

Individual Files: