Abstract:

The data file consists of Landsat Surface Reflectance Climate Data Record (Landsat CDR), generated with the Landsat Ecosystem Disturbance Adaptive Processing System (LEDAPS) atmosphere correction tool and Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) datasets of the southeastern Louisiana marshes (Path 22 and Rows 39 and 40) for the year 2007 processed for the phenology study. The projection is the Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM Zone 15 North). The datum is WGS-1984. Spatial resolution is 28.5 meters by 28.5 meters resampled to 30 meters by 30 meters. Image dates included are 2007-01-08, 2007-02-09, 2007-02-17, 2007-02-25, 2007-03-05, 2007-03-29, 2007-04-06, 2007-04-22, 2007-04-30, 2007-05-08, 2007-06-09, 2007-06-17, 2007-06-27, 2007-07-11, 2007-08-12, 2007-08-20, 2007-09-29, 2007-11-08, 2007-12-10, 2007-12-26. All files have individual ISO 19115 .xml metadata files. The dataset consists of nine stacked files. The wavelengths of the first six bands in micrometers are as follows: Band 1, visible blue band = 0.452-0.518, Band 2, visible green band = 0.528-0.609, Band 3, visible red band = 0.626-0.693, Band 4, near infrared band (NIR) = 0.776-0.904, Band 5, short-wave infrared band 1 = 1.567-1.784, and band 6, short-wave infrared band 2 = 2.097-2.349 (Chander et al. 2009). Band 7 is a water mask with a value of 0.0001. Band 8 is the full or composite mask consisting of a cloud mask with a value of 0.0004, a cloud shadow mask with a value of 0.0002, and a water mask with a value of 0.0001 value. Band 9 is NDVI calculated with the equation NDVI = (rho red – rho NIR)/( rho red + rho NIR) where rho red and rho NIR represent the surface reflectance of the red and NIR bands. The six surface reflectance files (bands 1-6) and the two mask files (bands 7 and 8) are Landsat CDR data files downloaded from the USGS EarthExplorer website and rescaled to surface reflectance values. Due to overcorrection by the atmospheric correction procedure, the surface reflectance values in the dataset, which should range between 0.0000 and 1.0000 by definition, may be less than zero and greater than 1. Dataset values equal to or less than 0.0000 and greater than 1.0000 are masked and reset to 0.0001 and 1.0000 respectively before NDVI is calculated. Bands 1-6 in the dataset are composite-masked. Water, cloud, and cloud shadow masks created by LEDAPS team (i.e. band 8) were applied to Landsat band data on bands 1-6. Water, cloud and cloud shadow pixels are masked to the value 0.0000 on bands 1-6. The application of the water mask and cloud-shadow mask reduces misclassification of water pixels as land. The application of the cloud mask reduces the misclassification of land pixels as water. Additional information on Landsat CDR data and the LEDAPS surface reflectance product are available at http://landsat.usgs.gov/CDR_LSR.php and http://ledaps.nascom.nasa.gov/docs/pdf/SR_productdescript_dec06.pdf respectively. Processing by Mo Yu, J.C. Alexis Riter, and Michael S. Kearney of the Department of Environmental Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742. References Chander, G., R.L. Markham and D.L. Helder, 2009, Summary of current radiometric calibration coefficients for Landsat MSS, TM, ETM+ and EO-1 ALI sensors. http://landsat.usgs.gov/CDR_LSR.php last obtained 29 May 2014. http://ledaps.nascom.nasa.gov/docs/pdf/SR_productdescript_dec06.pdf last obtained 28 May, 2014.

Suggested Citation:

Riter, Joyce Christine. 2016. 2007 Landsat Thematic Mapper 5 Climate Data Record Path 22 and Rows 39 and 40 surface reflectance and Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) data of southeastern Louisiana marshes for phenology study. Distributed by: GRIIDC, Harte Research Institute, Texas A&M University–Corpus Christi. doi:10.7266/N7WW7FK3

Purpose:

To evaluate the effect of the April 20 - July 15, 2010 Macondo oil-spill on Louisiana marsh vegetation and marsh substrate stability with Landsat data and to examine the variation in the phenology of marsh vegetation based on NDVI data before and after the Macondo oil-spill

Data Parameters and Units:

Landsat TM pixels are 30 meters by 30 meters. Surface reflectance ranges from 0.00 to 1.00 and is unitless. NDVI values range from -1.00 to 1.00 and are unitless.

Methods:

Landsat Thematic Mapper Path 22 and Row 39 and 40 were mosaicked together and resized with ENVI software. All surface values equal to or less than 0.00 were masked and replaced by the value 0.0001. All surface values greater than 1.00 were masked and replaced by the value 1.00. NDVI calculated with the standard equation = (rho NIR - rho red)/(rho NIR - rho red) where rho NIR and rho red are the surface reflectance of the near-infrared and red visible Landsat bands.

Instruments:

Landsat Thematic Mapper data set processed by NASA with LEDAPS code to surface reflectance. Mosaicking, resizing, masking, and calculation of NDVI of Landsat Path 22 and Rows 39 and 40 datasets performed with ENVI software (www.exelisvis.com/ProductsServices.aspx).

Error Analysis:

Comparisons with ground-based optical thickness measurements and simultaneously acquired MODIS imagery indicate comparable uncertainty in Landsat surface reflectance to the MODIS reflectance product (the greater of 0.5% absolute reflectane or 5% of the recorded reflectance value).

Provenance and Historical References:

The Landsat Surface Reflectance Climate Data Record (CDR) provides high quality surface reflectance data for land surface change studies (http://landsat.usgs.gov/CDR_LSR.php). The Landsat Ecosystem Disturbance Adaptive Processing System (LEDAPS) is a NASA project (Masek et al. 2006) that provides surface reflectance values from Landsat TM and ETM+ data by using ozone, water vapor, and aerosol optical thickness data developed for the MODIS sensor to correct for molecular scattering and absorption by the atmosphere based on the Second Simulatio! n of a Satellite Signal in the Solar Spectrum (6S) radiative transfer models (Vermote et al. 1997). Eric Vermote, Nazmi Saleous, Jonathan Kutler, and Robert Wolfe of NASA GSFC developed the LEDAPS software with support from the NASA Terrestrial Ecology program (PI: Jeff Masek). Dr. Feng Gao made further software adaptions (Masek et al. 2013). Level-1T Landsat products are radiometrically calibrated and orthorectified using ground control points for precision correction and digital elevation models to correct for relief displacement. References http://landsat.usgs.gov/CDR_LSR.php last obtained 29 May 2014. Masek, J.G., E.F. Vermote, N. Saleous, R. Wolfe, F.G. Hall, F. Huemmrich, F. Gao, J. Kutler, and T.K. Lim, 2006. A Landsat surface reflectance data set for North America, 1990-2000, Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters, 3: 68-72. Masek, J.G., E.F. Vermote, N. Saleous, R. Wolfe, F.G. Hall, F. Huemmrich, F. Gao, J. Kutler, and T.K. Lim. 2013. LEDAPS Calibration, Reflectance, Atmospheric Correction Preprocessing Code, Version 2. Model product. Available on-line [http://daac.ornl.gov] from Oak Ridge National Laboratory Distributed Active Archive Center, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, U.S.A. http://dx.doi.org/10.3334/ORNLDAAC/1146. Vermote, E.F. , N. Saleous, C.O. Justice, Y.J. Kaufman, J.L. Privette, L. Remer, J.C. Roger, and D. Tanre, 1997. Atmospheric correction of visible to middle-infrared EOS-MODIS data over land surfaces: Background, operational algorithm, and validation, Journal of Geophysical Research, 102: 17131-17141.

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