Abstract:
The focus of this data posting is chemistry data associated with tissue and samples of various media collected during studies focused primarily on the sampling of tissue, and provides additional context for the posted dataset, including information about the collection, analysis, and organization of the data. This data posting differs from other recently published datasets relating to the Gulf of Mexico in several respects: This tissue chemistry dataset focuses only on information related to petroleum-related chemical constituents in tissue and related samples. This dataset combines results from 32 NRDA studies to create a unified data file. Tissue samples were not analyzed as part of the Response actions. Before posting, extensive work was done independently by BP contractors to verify some aspects of the posted data (e.g., positional coordinates and field data). Samples were collected from locations both onshore and in federal and state jurisdictional waters in the Gulf of Mexico from April 2010 through March 2012. More than 5,200 samples with associated chemistry analyses collected at over 2,500 sampling stations are included in this posting. These samples were collected during 32 studies, using 40 sampling cruises and surveys. These studies can be classified into three general categories: NRDA Cooperative—Studies conducted as part of the NRDA which were agreed to and executed cooperatively by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), U.S. Department of Interior (DOI), and/or other Trustees, and BP. Trustee Independent—Studies conducted by NOAA, DOI, and/or other Trustees independently to develop data to support and inform the NRDA. Independent (Mussel Watch)—Long-running NOAA program for contaminant monitoring. Data for May and November 2010 are included. The chemical parameters provided in this data posting include: Parent and alkylated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), including some non-PAH compounds Saturated hydrocarbons (SHC) Total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH), including parameters reported as total extractable material (TEM) Geochemical biomarkers (sterane and triterpane), where available Dispersant markers, Metals, Total organic carbon, Lipids. This dataset includes data associated with natural field samples for tissue and other sample matrices, along with the associated field-collected quality control samples, such as field replicates, equipment blanks, field blanks, and trip blanks. Laboratory duplicate sample data are provided, where available. Mississippi Canyon lease block 252 (MC252) control oils associated with chemistry analyses are part of a separate data posting (see Version History). No other laboratory quality control samples (e.g., laboratory blanks or spike samples) are included in this data posting.
Data Parameters and Units:
Data Publication Date = Date associated with the current data posting (M/D/YYYY); Analytical Method = Method used to produce the measured concentration and as reported by the laboratory; Analytical Sample ID = The client sample identifier given to a portion of the interpretive sample, or to the whole interpretive sample, when submitted to a laboratory for analysis. There may be one or several analytical sample IDs for each interpretive sample ID; Base Analytical Method = A generalization of the analytical method, standardized across laboratory-specific variations in the specific analytical method to aid the data user with categorizing samples by analysis type; Chemical Code = A standardized system-specific code to uniquely identify each chemical. Chemical codes are one-to-one homologous with chemical names; Chemical Name = The name of the chemical analyzed. An effort has been made to harmonize the chemical naming conventions, where possible. During the ongoing QA process, this harmonization will be further refined and provided in subsequent versions of this database. Chemical Type = Indicates whether the chemical is a target analyte or an added standard (e.g., surrogate) ; Collection = The identifier for an individual organism from which various organs or tissues are sampled; Common Name = Common name of the organism submitted for chemical analysis; Concentration– NDs at MDLs = The reported concentration of the chemical in the sample, or the detection limit for non-detect results (ug/kg, pct, mg/kg, ug/L); Concentration– NDs at Zero = The reported concentration of the chemical in the sample, or a zero value for non-detect results (ug/kg, pct, mg/kg, ug/L); Data Publication Reference = A general description of data provided in the data posting and a version control number; Date Analyzed = The date that the sample was analyzed to produce the reported concentration (M/D/YYYY); Date Extracted = The date that the sample was extracted at the laboratory (M/D/YYYY); Depth Unit = The units for sample upper and lower depths. Depth values for water samples are converted to meters as a rule (cm); Dilution Factor = The factor by which the sample was diluted for analysis; Field Data Verification Result = Summary of the field data verification process results as described in Appendix B for samples that have a field data verification status of “Complete”; Field Data Verification Status = Summary of the field data verification process status described in Appendix B. Valid entries - Not started, Underway, and Complete; Field Fraction = Indicates whether the dissolved fraction, the particulate fraction, or the total sample was collected and submitted for analysis; Field Matrix = The most general description of the substance collected and submitted for analysis; Field Sample Material = The most specific description of the substance collected and submitted for analysis. Only the matrix is reported for samples with attributes taken from Query Manager or DIVER; Final Qualifiers = The data qualifiers that should be used with the concentration value for data analysis and interpretation. This column may contain a packed string of the qualifiers “U”, “J”, “R”, “T”, and “F”, which are defined in the AQAP; Genus = Genus of the organism submitted for chemical analysis; Harmonized Study Name = A BP assigned name to a group of related sample collection efforts to aid with organization of the data. This name is part of the primary key of this table and is used within other documents provided by BP; Interpretive Sample ID = The identifier given to represent a unique combination of location, date (and time) and depth. This identifier is part of the primary key of this table; ITIS Code = Integrated Taxonomic Information System code for the organism submitted for chemical analysis; Lab = The laboratory generating analytical chemistry data for the sample; Lab Fraction = Indicates whether the sample was filtered in the laboratory prior to analysis to obtain the dissolved fraction. This field does not capture information related to field filtration; Lab Material = The most specific description of the substance, or fraction thereof that is analyzed; Lab Matrix = The most general description of the substance, or fraction thereof that is analyzed; Lab Qualifiers = The data qualifiers originally applied by the analytical laboratory; Lab Replicate = Code to distinguish multiple measurements when all other identifying attributes are identical; Laboratory Sample ID = The internal laboratory sample identifier for the sample; Latitude = The north latitude, in decimal degrees, where the sample was collected. This coordinate (with the corresponding longitude) may be either the specific location of the sample or the location assigned to the station where sampling was conducted; Location or Station ID = A name given to the location where samples were collected. Many samples were collected opportunistically in the field, targeting observed or suspected oil presence, and the locations were not assigned a name. Therefore, not all samples have a location ID; Longitude = The west longitude, in decimal degrees, where the sample was collected. See the description of the latitude column; Lower Depth = The lower depth of the sample in the water column (cm); Measurement Basis = Indicates whether a concentration value is expressed in terms of the wet weight or dry weight of the environmental medium.; Method Detection Limit = The laboratory determined method detection limit associated with each chemical result (ug/kg, pct, mg/kg, ug/L); Nondetect Flag = Indicates whether or not the analyte was detected in a sample. This is equivalent to a final qualifier that includes “U”; Parameter Type = The basic group to which the chemical belongs: PAH, SHC, TPH, biomarkers, dispersants, and others (Total Polynuclear Aromatic Hydrocarbons (50 compounds);Polynuclear Aromatic Hydrocarbon/alkylated Polynuclear Aromatic Hydrocarbons PAH/aPAH (64 compounds); Saturated Hydrocarbons SHC (37 compounds);geochemical biomarkers steranes, triterpanes (59 compounds);metals (24);lipids; moisture; solids; other Polynuclear Aromatic Hydrocarbons PAH (13 compounds); dispersant markers (5 compounds); Total Organic Carbon TOC; extractable hydrocarbons; Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons TPH (2 types)) Preparation Method = Method used to prepare the sample for analysis and as reported by the laboratory; Reporting Limit = The laboratory determined reporting limit associated with each chemical result (ug/kg, pct, mg/kg, ug/L); Sample Date = The date on which the sample was collected (M/D/YYYY); Sample Time = The time at which the sample was collected. Times were not recorded for all samples (H:MM AM/PM); Sample Type = Indicates whether the sample is a natural environmental sample, a field QC sample (i.e., a blank), or a lab QC sample; SDG = The Sample Delivery Group: an identifier for a batch of samples (typically 20 samples) that are simultaneously prepared, analyzed, and reported by the laboratory; Spatial Zone = Short coded descriptor to indicate general location of the samples. Seven zones have been assigned. Five zones are coded to capture water samples located within the state jurisdictional boundaries of Louisiana (LA), Alabama (AL), Mississippi (MS), Texas (TX) and Florida (FL). Two zones are coded to capture water sample located within the federal waters outside of the state jurisdictions. The code “Wellhead” is assigned to samples collected within a 10 nautical miles (nmi) radius of the DWH wellhead and the code “Federal” is assigned to samples collected beyond the 10 nmi radius; Species = Species of the organism submitted for chemical analysis; Study Name = The study name used by the original investigator or by NOAA. Related studies are also grouped together under a single harmonized group study name (the next column). Some independent BP studies have only a single harmonized study name. This study name may be referenced by some documentation and other data systems; Study Reference Number = Study reference number (SRN) assigned by BP to provide a link between the data provided in the data file and the associated work plans and study descriptions; Taxon Code = Taxon code for the organism submitted for chemical analysis; Tissue Type = The type of tissue submitted for chemical analysis; Unit = The units of the associated concentration value; Upper Depth = The upper depth of the sample in the water column (cm); Validation Level = The type and amount of data validation performed; see the AQAP for a description of the validation levels used; Validation Qualifiers = Qualifiers applied by the data validation firm;
Methods:
Alkylated Polynuclear Aromatic Hydrocarbons EPA SW 8270M SOP. 2247 Rev. 4; Percent Lipids, Lab SOP, SOP OP-015 Rev. 3; Mercury - EPA 7474; Percent Moisture, SM2540G, SOP W-001 Rev. 5; Steranes and Triterpanes EPA SW 8270M SOP. 2247 Rev. 4; Alkylated Polynuclear Aromatic Hydrocarbons EPA SW 8270M SOP 2247 Rev. 5; Alkylated Polynuclear Aromatic Hydrocarbons EPA SW 8270M SOP 2247 Rev. 7; NOAA LIPID; EPA SW 8270C SIM - Extended PAH (Parent and Alkyl Homologs) and Related Compounds by GC/MS-SIM; Freeze Dry; Columbia Analytical Services (CAS - now ALS) SOP for Dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate; Metals - EPA 6020 - SOP M-001 Rev. 7; EPA SW 8015M - Total Saturated Hydrocarbons; EPA SW 8270M - Alkylated PAH and Petroleum Biomarkers; TDI SOP for moisture analysis; B&B SOP1006; B&B SOP1044 - Saturate Biological Marker Determination by Selected Ion Monitoring Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry; EPA SW 8015B - Nonhalogenated Organics Using GC/FID; Hydride Generation- EPA 7061A/7741A - SOP M-011 Rev.3; Alkylated Polynuclear Aromatic Hydrocarbons EPA SW 8270M SOP. 2247 Rev. 2; Steranes and Triterpanes EPA SW 8270M SOP. 2247 Rev. 2; Inorganics Lab SOP - SOP OP-015 Rev. 3; SM2540G - Total, Fixed, and Volatile Solids in Solid and Semisolid Samples; EPA SW 9060M - Total Organic Carbon;Alpha Analytical lab SOP 0P-018 Rev. 2 - Tissue extraction; Lab SOP, SOP 2171 Rev. 3; Mercury, EPA 7474; SM 2540G - Total, fixed, and volatile solids; Alpha Analytical lab - Tissue Extraction NOAA SOP 2264 Rev. 3; Lab SOP, SOP OP-015 Rev. 3; EPA SW 3580A - Solvent dilution; Alpha Analytical lab - Tissue Extraction NOAA SOP 2247 Rev. 4; EPA SW 3541 - Automated Soxhlet extraction; Metals Extraction, EPA 3020, SOP MP-004 Rev. 7; EPA SW 3510C - Separatory funel liquid-liquid extraction; Seawater Extraction, LAB SOP, SOP MP-006 Rev. 5; B&B SOP1010 - Extraction of Biologicial Tissues fo; B&B SOP1012 - Tissue extraction; Alpha Analytical lab SOP 0P-013 - Shaker table extraction; Hydride Generation EPA 7061A/7741A, SOP M-011 Rev.3; Percent Moisture, SM2540G, SOP W-001 Rev. 5; EPA SW 9060M - Total Organic Carbon; EPA SW 3051; The quality guidance document relevant to this study is the Analytical Quality Assurance Plan (U.S. Department of Commerce National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. 2014. Analytical Quality Assurance Plan Mississippi Canyon 252 (Deepwater Horizon) Natural Resource Damage Assessment Version 4.0. https://pub-dwhdatadiver.orr.noaa.gov/dwh-ar-documents/945/DWH-AR0101767.pdf.)
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